Hamamelis japonica

The Hamamelis japonica plant belongs to the family of the Hamamelidaceae and is one of five species within the genus of Hammelis. It is native to Japan and has long been used in traditional Japanese medicine and decorative gardens. This plant is particularly valued because of its early heyday and its medical properties.

Morphology

Hamamelis japonica is a deciduous shrub or small tree that can reach a height of up to 5 meters. Her bark is gray-brown, smooth at a young age and later cracked. The leaves are oval to wide elliptical, about 7 to 15 cm long and up to 10 cm wide. The leaf edge is corrugated or serrated, and the top of the leaf is dark green, while the underside is brighter and has a fine hair.

The flowers of the plant are particularly remarkable. These appear in the winter months, typically between January and March, before the leaves strike out. The flowers are small, have a diameter of about 2 to 3 cm and consist of four narrow, band -like petals. The color of the flowers varies from pale yellow to bright yellow, occasionally with a touch of orange or red on the base of the petals. These flowers are very fragrant and play a role in pollination by insects, although pollination is mainly carried out by the wind.

The fruits of the Hamamelis japonica are woody capsules that contain two seeds. When the fruit is ripe, it opens up explosively and hurls the seeds several meters, which is a characteristic characteristic of this genre.

Distribution and habitat

Hamamelis japonica is widespread in the moderate zones of Japan, where it occurs in light forests, on forest edges and in mountain regions. It prefers well permeable, slightly acidic floors and thrives in areas with high humidity. In gardens and parks, it is often planted because of its decorative flowers and its ability to thrive even in colder climate zones.

Use and medical importance

In traditional Japanese medicine, the bark and leaves of the Hamamelis japonica are used due to their astringent properties. These properties are based on the high content of tannins that are used in the treatment of skin problems such as inflammation, eczema and minor injuries. An extract that is processed in ointments and creams is often obtained from the leaves and the bark. This extract also has antioxidant properties and is often used in the modern cosmetics industry as an ingredient in skin care products.

The plant is often also used as a remedy for eye irritation and to relieve hemorrhoids. Due to the anti -inflammatory effect of the extract, it is widespread in naturopathy.

Ornamental plant and horticulture

Apart from their medical properties, Hamamelis japonica is also a very valued ornamental plant. Her ability to bloom in the winter months makes it particularly valuable in gardens in which it gives color and structure at a time of year in which most other plants rest. The plant is relatively easy to care for as long as it is planted in well -permeable soils and receives sufficient moisture.