Lavandula latifolia - Broad leaved lavender

Lavandula latifolia, also known as a broad leaved lavender, is a multi -year aromatic plant from the Lamiaceae family. This type of lavender is native to the Mediterranean regions and is valued for its essential oils, which are used both in the perfume industry and aromatherapy. In contrast to Lavandula angustifolia, the generally known real lavender, Lavandula latifolia is characterized by wider leaves and a more intense fragrance.

Morphology

Lavandula latifolia is an evergreen shrub that can reach a height of 30 to 80 centimeters. The plant has very branched stems, which are occupied with gray -green, lance -shaped leaves, which are wider than that of the real lavender. These leaves are hairy and give the plant their characteristic gray appearance.

The inflorescences of Lavandula latifolia are dense ears that consist of a variety of small, violet to bluish flowers. The inflorescences are usually larger and less compact than that of Lavandula angustifolia. The flowering period extends from June to September, depending on the climatic conditions and the height of the location.

The intensive fragrance of the plant results from the essential oils, which are contained in the glandular hair on the leaves and flowers. These oils are mainly made up of Linalool, Kampfer and Cineol, which differentiates Lavandula latifolia from other lavender species.

Ecology and distribution

Lavandula latifolia is native to the Mediterranean regions, especially in Spain, Portugal and southern France. The plant prefers dry, sunny locations and often grows in rocky, well -permeable soils at altitudes of up to 1700 meters. Their natural environment are often dry, open forests, cooking and stony slopes, where it has adapted to the barren conditions with its deep roots and the ability to store water.

The pollination of the flowers is mainly carried out by bees that are attracted to the intensive fragrance of the flowers. Lavandula latifolia plays an important role in the ecosystems of the Mediterranean region, since it serves as a source of food for pollinators and contributes to stabilizing the soil in areas at risk of erosion.

Chemical composition and applications

Lavandula latifolia's essential oil is particularly rich in camphor, which gives it its characteristic, strong fragrance. Compared to the essential oil from Lavandula angustifolia, it contains less litalyl acetate, but higher concentrations of Linalool and 1.8-cineol (eucalyptol). This chemical composition makes it a popular component in perfumery and aromatherapy, especially for the production of fragrance candles, soaps and massage oils.

In traditional medicine, Lavandula latifolia's oil is used to relieve respiratory problems, muscle pain and insect repellent. Due to the high camphor content, the oil has a refreshing and stimulating effect. However, it is used with caution due to its potential skin irritation.

Cultural meaning and cultivation

Lavandula latifolia has a long history of cultivation and use in the Mediterranean countries. In Spain and France, the plant has been cultivated for centuries to gain valuable essential oil. Even today it is grown on a large scale, especially for the perfume industry.

The cultivation of Lavandula latifolia requires little care as long as the plant grows in a suitable climate. It is more frost -sensitive than lavandula angustifolia and thrives best in warm, dry areas. The soil should be well permeable and rather low in nutrients to prevent the growth of too much leaves and to maximize the concentration of the essential oils in the flowers.