Acer palmatum - fan maple

Acer Palmatum, generally known as a subject maple, belongs to the family of the Sapindaceae. This plant is located in Japan and Korea and is estimated worldwide because of its aesthetic and landscape design qualities. Acer Palmatum is particularly known for its diverse leaf colors and forms that make it a popular ornamental tree in gardens and parks.

Morphology and growth

Acer Palmatum is a diligent tree or shrub, which typically reaches a height of 6 to 10 meters, but can be up to 16 meters high in exceptional cases. The plant has an open, expansive growth shape with finely branched branches. The bark is smooth and gray to brown, often with a slightly streaked texture.

The leaves are located opposite and hand -shaped, which gives the tree its botanical name "Palmatum" (lat. For hand -shaped). They are about 4 to 12 cm long and wide, with 5 to 9 deeply cut rags. The leaf color varies greatly depending on the variety and season, ranges from green to red to purple and yellow. Especially in autumn, the Japanese maple shows a spectacular color change that makes it a highlight of every autumn landscape design.

The flowers of Acer Palmatum are small and inconspicuous, red or violet and appear in hanging umbels in spring. The plant is one -house, with male and female flowers occurring on the same tree. After pollination, winged fruits develop, so -called Samaras, which are mature in autumn and are spread by the wind.

Ecological meaning and habitat

Acer Palmatum grows in its natural distribution area in the lower forests of moderate forests and on mountain slopes. The plant prefers cool, moist climate zones and thrives in well -permeable, humus -rich soils. It can be found at high altitudes of up to 1000 meters and plays an important role in the ecosystem by offering living space and food for various insects and small animals.

The leaves and branches of the Japanese maple are a source of food for a variety of insects, including aphids and caterpillars. The plant thus contributes to biodiversity in its natural habitat. In addition, the dense crown offers protection and habitat for birds and small mammals.

Cultivation and care

Due to its decorative properties and relatively simple care, Acer Palmatum is a popular choice for gardens and parks. Planting is best done in spring or autumn in well -permeable, acidic to neutral soils that are rich in organic substance. A location in partial shade to full sun is ideal, with protection against the intensive lunch sun recommended in warmer climate zones.

The care includes regular irrigation, especially during dry periods, to maintain the soil moisture. A layer of mulch made of organic material can help keep the soil moisture and prevent weed growth. A regular pruning is not necessary, but can help to maintain a desired form and remove dead or sick branches. Acer Palmatum is relatively hardy, but young plants can need additional protection in particularly cold winters.

Propagation and breeding

The increase of acer palmatum is mainly through seeds, cuttings or finishing. Samples often need cold traification to germinate, which can extend the propagation process. Coats that are taken in late spring or early summer have a higher success rate. The refinement is a common method for preserving specific variety properties and is often carried out in winter or early spring.

Breeding focuses on the development of new varieties with special leaf colors, shapes and sizes as well as improved adaptability on different environmental conditions. There are hundreds of cultivars that are available in different colors and shapes, which further increases the diversity and popularity of Acer Palmatum among plant lovers.

Diseases and pests

Acer Palmatum can be affected by various diseases and pests. The most common problems include vertical celke, leaf spots diseases and pests such as aphids, spinning mites and Japanese beetles. Good care practice, including ensuring good drainage and avoiding supervision, can help minimize these problems. In the event of infestation, early treatment with suitable pesticides is advisable.