Ocimum basilicum - basil

Ocimum basilicum, generally known as basil, is a plant of great importance in the botanical world. This plant belongs to the genus Ocimum and the family of the lip flower (Lamiaceae).

morphology

Basil is a one -year herbaceous plant that can achieve different growth heights depending on the variety. The plant is characterized by its delicate, green leaves, which often have a characteristic fragrance that is reminiscent of anise and cloves. The leaves are usually oval to lanceolate and can have different colors in different types. The flowers of basil are small, tender and white to pale pink.

spread

The exact origin of Basil is not clearly clarified, but it is assumed that the plant comes from the tropical regions of Asia. Today Basil is cultivated worldwide and is one of the most frequently used herbs in the kitchen. There are numerous varieties of basil, including the widespread "Genoveser Basil" and the exotic "Thai Basil".

Habitat

Basil prefers sunny to partially shaded locations and thrives in well -permeable soils. The plant can usually be found in gardens, on balconies and in pots on window sills. Basil thrives best in moderate climate zones, but can also be grown in warmer regions with sufficient irrigation.

Ecological meaning

Basil plays a special role because it attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies and can thus contribute to the pollination of other plants. However, it is mainly important for its culinary and medical use.

Use in the kitchen and medicine

Basil is one of the most versatile herbs in the kitchen. The leaves are often used fresh or dried in a variety of dishes, from pasta and pesto to salads and soups. Basil not only has a unique taste, but also contains valuable ingredients such as essential oils, flavonoids and vitamins.

In traditional medicine, Basil was estimated because of its possible health benefits. It was used to treat digestive disorders, colds and headaches. The essential oils of the basil, such as Eugenol and Linalool, can have anti -inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.