Hyoscyamus niger - black bilsrot

Hyoscyamus niger, generally known as black bils, belongs to the family of nightshade plants (Solanaceae). This plant is known for its striking, trumpet -shaped flowers and its pharmacological importance. At the same time, it is extremely poisonous and has played a complex role in history.

Botanical characteristics

Hyoscyamus Niger is a one -year or occasionally two -year -old plant from the family of nightshade plants (Solanaceae). It usually reaches a height of 30 to 60 cm and has a petroleized, serrated leaves. The flowers of Hyoscyamus niger are bell-shaped, yellowish or yellowish-white. This plant has a characteristic appearance, with flowers that appear in the leaf axils.

Pharmacological properties

The Black Bilskraut contains a number of alkaloids, including scopolamine and hyoscyamine that have strong psychotropic and hallucinogenic properties. These alkaloids act on the central nervous system and can cause hallucinations, delirium and changes in consciousness. Due to these pharmacological properties, the Black Belskraut was used in history as a psychoactive substance. However, it also has a high potential for poisoning and is extremely dangerous.

Historical use

The Black Bilskraut has a long history of use in medicine and as a psychoactive substance. In the past, it was used to treat pain, cramps, insomnia and other symptoms, but always with extreme caution. It was also used in witch medicine and was used for ritual and magical purposes. Due to its potential danger and the risk of poisoning, the use of black biling herb in modern medicine is severely restricted.

Effect

The alkaloids in the bols have the central nervous system and have anticholinergic properties. This means that you block the effects of the neurotransmitter acetylcholin, which can lead to different effects. Here are some of the possible effects of Hyoscyamus niger on the human body:

Central nervous effects:

The alkaloids can cause hallucinations, delirium and confusion. This is because they affect communication between nerve cells.

Atropin effect:

Atropin, one of the main alkaloids, acts on the smooth muscles and can lead to an expansion of the pupils (mydriasis). This effect is sometimes used therapeutically, for example during eye examinations.

Cardiovascular effects:

Bilskraut can accelerate the heartbeat (tachycardia) and increase blood pressure. This can lead to serious cardiovascular problems.

Gastrointestinal effects:

The substances can influence the gastrointestinal engines, which can lead to digestive problems such as constipation.

Toxic effects:

The consumption of bilsraut can have serious toxic effects, including cramps, respiratory depression and, in the worst case, to death.

Dangers and precautionary measures

It is of the utmost importance to understand the extreme toxicity of Hyoscyamus Niger and take appropriate precautions. Any contact with the plant or its parts should be avoided. Symptoms of poisoning can be nausea, vomiting, hallucinations, confusion and seizures. If poisoning is suspected, medical help should be used immediately.