Betula Glandulosa - Grönland shrub birch

Betula Glandulosa, also known as GRÖNLAND SHRAUSE BIRKE or American Dwarf Birch, belongs to the Betulaceae family. This shrub -shaped birch is at home in the northern regions of North America, including Alaska, Canada and the northern United States. Furthermore, they can be found in Greenland and in the northeastern regions of Asia. Betula Glandulosa plays an important role in the boreal and subarctic ecosystems, where it grows in damp bogs and along river banks.

Botanical characteristics

Betula Glandulosa is a multi -stamped, shrub -shaped deciduous tree, which typically reaches a height of 1 to 3 meters. The bark is thin, smooth and has a characteristic red -brown to gray coloring that detach itself in old age. The branches are finely hairy and wear numerous small resin glands that give the plant their name.

The leaves of Betula Glandulosa are small, rounded to Oval, about 1 to 4 centimeters long, with a serrated edge. The top of the leaves is dark green and shiny, while the underside is brighter and often slightly hairy. In autumn, the leaves turn in a bright yellow, which gives the plant a high aesthetic quality.

The heyday of Betula Glandulosa is late spring. The flowers are arranged in the form of kitten, with male and female flowers occurring separately on the same plant (monozian). The male kittens are hanging and yellow, while the female are upright and greenish. The pollination is mainly done by the wind.

Ecological meaning

Betula Glandulosa plays an important role in the boreal and subarctic ecosystems. It is often found in wetlands, bogs and along river banks, where it contributes to stabilizing the soil and prevents the erosion. Their roots improve the soil structure and promote water storage.

The plant offers important habitat and food for a variety of animals. Insects such as different types of beetles use the leaves and bark as a source of food. Birds and small mammals find protection and nesting opportunities in the dense bushes. In addition, Betula Glandulosa is an important feed plant for herbivors such as moose and beavers who consume their bark and young shoots.

Use and cultural history

Betula Glandulosa played an important role in the traditional use of the indigenous peoples of North America. The bark was used to produce baskets, containers and even canoes, while the branches and leaves were used in medicine to treat skin diseases, fever and digestive problems. The plant contains various bioactive compounds, including salicylates that have anti -inflammatory and pain -relieving properties.

In modern horticulture, Betula Glandulosa is valued on cold, moist conditions and its decorative properties due to its adaptability. It is often used in natural landscape designs and renaturation projects.

Conservation and protection

Although Betula Glandulosa is not considered to be threatened in large parts of its distribution area, certain populations are at risk from climate change and human activities. The loss of wetlands and the change in water levels by drainage and dam construction represent serious threats.

Protective measures include the preservation and restoration of wetlands as well as the promotion of sustainable land use practices. Ex-sit conservation measures, such as cultivation in botanical gardens and the establishment of seeds banks, also play an important role in maintaining this kind. .