Hyacinthoides non-scripta - Common bluebell

Hyacinthoides non-scripta, also known as the common bluebell, is a persistent onion plant from the family of asparagus plants (Asparagaceae). This elegant plant is a characteristic spring flower of Western Europe and plays an important ecological and cultural role in its distribution area.

Morphology

Hyacinthoides non-scripta reaches a growth of 20 to 50 cm. It has long, narrow, basic leaves that become about 10 to 20 mm wide and up to 45 cm long. The leaves are shiny and dark green and form a basal rosette. The onion of the plant is egg -shaped and stores nutrients for the next growth year.

The inflorescence is a one -sided grape stand that carries between 4 and 20 flowers. Each single flower is bell -shaped and hanging, with six blue to violet -blue perigone leaves, which are rolled up slightly on their tips. Characteristic is the sweet fragrance of the flowers, which attracts many pollinators such as bees and butterflies. The heyday ranges from April to June.

Distribution and habitat

The natural distribution area of Hyacinthoides non-scripta comprises large parts of Western Europe, including Great Britain, Ireland, the Netherlands, France and the Iberian Peninsula. The plant prefers shady to partially shady locations and is particularly common in deciduous forests with damp, humus -rich soils. It often grows in large, dense stocks that transform entire forest floors into a blue sea of ​​flowers during the flowering period.

Ecological meaning

Hyacinthoides non-scripta is an important spring bloomer and offers pollinators such as bees and bumblebees a valuable source of nectar and pollen before other plants bloom. Your onions and seeds are also a source of food for different animals, including voles and snails. The plant also plays an important role in the sub -growth of forests, where it contributes to the stabilization of the soil due to its density.

Cultural meaning

In the UK and Ireland, the common bluebell is particularly valued. It is a symbol of spring and is often mentioned in literature, art and folklore. Forests with Hyacinthoides non-scripta belong to the iconic landscapes of these regions and attract numerous visitors every year.

Threat and protection

One of the greatest threats to Hyacinthoides non-scripta Is the hybridization with the related Spanish common bluebell (Hyacinthoides hispanica) that gets into nature through gardens and parks. The hybrids can endanger the genetic integrity of the local species. Habitat loss due to urbanization and intensive agriculture is another challenge. In the UK is Hyacinthoides non-scripta protected by law, and the trade in wild copies is prohibited.