Echium italicum subsp. biebersteinii

Echium italicum subsp. biebersteinii, a subspecies of Echium italicum, belongs to the family of Boraginaceae. This plant is known for its extraordinary adaptability to dry locations, its striking inflorescences and their ecological benefits.

Morphology and growth form

This subspecies is a persistent or two -year herbaceous plant that can reach a height of 50 to 120 centimeters. The growth shape is upright and less branched, the stems are close to bristle hair, which is typical for the genus Echium is.

The leaves of Echium italicum subsp. biebersteinii are lanceolate, fundamentally and arranged in a rosette. They are also hairy, which protects them from water loss and makes the plant less attractive for herbivores. The leaf edge is usually smooth, while the top has a gray -green color, which is reinforced by the dense hair.

The flowers are in the end -of -end, panicle -like inflorescences that form a striking, upright shape. The flower color varies from pale pink to pale violet, whereby the color can intensify over time. Each single flower is funnel -shaped and fifties, what for the family of the Boraginaceae is typical. The flowering period usually extends from June to August, depending on the climatic conditions of the location.

Distribution and habitat

Echium italicum subsp. biebersteinii is widespread in the moderate regions of southern Europe and Near East. The subspecies grows preferably on dry, permeable floors such as sand, gravel or lime. Typical habitats are open meadows, edges of the path, fallow land and light forest areas.

The plant prefers sunny to partially shaded locations and is adapted to a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, damp winters. Their ability to thrive in nutrient -poor soil makes it a competitive manner in disturbed and marginal habitats.

Ecological meaning

Echium italicum subsp. biebersteinii is an important plant for pollinators, especially for bees, bumblebees and butterflies. The flowers produce plenty of nectar and pollen, which makes the plant an important resource in species -poor ecosystems.

The hair and the chemical defenses contained in the plant protect them from predators such as snails and other invertebrates. These properties contribute to the establishment of the plant in habitats that are avoided by other plants.

Ingredients and toxicological aspects

How many representatives of the genus Echium this subspecies also contains secondary plant substances such as Pyrrolizidine -Oldalkaloids (PA). These fabrics are toxic for many animals and also for humans if they are absorbed in larger quantities. However, they serve the plant as protection against herbivors.

In traditional medicine, plants of the genus Echium occasionally used to treat skin disorders and inflammation. However, the use requires caution, since the toxic alkaloids can be harmful to the liver.

Use and cultivation

Echium italicum subsp. biebersteinii is rarely cultivated, but occasionally is used in natural gardens or dry beds. Your low need for care and your attractiveness for pollinators make you a valuable addition in xerophilic plantings.

The plant needs well -permeable soils and a sunny location to thrive optimally. Once established, it shows high dryness tolerance and does not require any additional irrigation. Their striking appearance and ecological advantages contribute to the promotion of biodiversity in gardens and landscapes.